Recombinant Mouse Dkk-1 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Ser30-His272
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
5897-DK
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
5897-DK/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Scientific Data
Recombinant Mouse Wnt-3a (Catalog # 1324-WN) induces a dose responsive increase in Wnt reporter activity in HEK293 cells (green circles). Recombinant Mouse Dkk-1 (Catalog # 5897-DK) inhibits a constant dose of 100 ng/mL of Recombinant Mouse Wnt-3a. The ED50 for this effect is 10-60 ng/mL (orange circles).
1 µg/lane of Recombinant Mouse Dkk-1 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing major bands at 35-40 kDa. Multiple bands in gel are due to variable glycosylation.
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Dkk-1
Dickkopf related protein 1 (Dkk-1) is the founding member of the Dickkopf family of proteins that includes Dkk-1, -2, -3, -4, and a related protein, Soggy (1, 2). Dkk proteins are secreted proteins that contain two conserved cysteine-rich domains separated by a linker region. Each domain contains ten cysteine residues (1-3). Mature mouse Dkk-1 is a 40 kDa glycosylated protein that shares 86%, 96%, 83% and 82% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with human, rat, rabbit and bovine Dkk‑1, respectively. It also shares 41% and 36% aa identity with human Dkk-2 and Dkk-4, respectively. Dkk-1 and Dkk-4 are well documented antagonists of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (1, 2). This pathway is activated by Wnt engagement of a receptor complex composed of the Frizzled proteins and one of two low‑density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins, LRP5 or LRP6 (4). Dkk-1 antagonizes Wnt by forming ternary complexes of LRP5/6 with Kremen1 or Kremen2 (4, 5). Dkk-1/LRP6/Krm2 complex internalization has been shown to down-regulate Wnt signaling (4, 5). Dkk-1 is expressed throughout development and antagonizes Wnt-7a during limb development (6, 7). Other sites of expression include developing neurons, hair follicles and the retina of the eye (8, 9). The balance between Wnt signaling and Dkk-1 inhibition is critical for bone formation and homeostasis (10). Insufficient or excess Dkk-1 activity in bone results in increased or decreased bone density, respectively (8, 11). In adults, Dkk-1 is expressed in osteoblasts and osteocytes, and neurons. Cerebral ischemia induces Dkk-1 expression, which contributes to neuronal cell death (12).
- Glinka, A. et al. (1998) Nature 391:357.
- Niehrs, C. (2006) Oncogene 25:7469.
- Bullock, C.M. et al. (2004) Mol. Pharmacol. 65:582.
- Mao, B. et al. (2001) Nature 411:321.
- Mao, B. et al. (2002) Nature 417:664.
- Kemp, C. et al. (2005) Dev. Dyn. 233:1064.
- Adamska, M. et al. (2004) Dev. Biol. 272:134.
- Li, J. et al. (2006) Bone 36:754.
- Verani, R. et al. (2006) J. Neurochem. 101:242.
- Pinzone, J.J. et al. (2009) Blood 113:517.
- Morvan, F. et al. (2006) J. Bone Miner. Res. 21:934.
- Cappuccio, I. et al. (2005) J. Neurosci. 25:2647.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse Dkk-1 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Adult Multipotent Cardiac Progenitor-Derived Spheroids: A Reproducible Model of In Vitro Cardiomyocyte Commitment and Specification
Authors: Scalise, M;Marino, F;Salerno, L;Amato, N;Quercia, C;Siracusa, C;Filardo, A;Chiefalo, A;Pagano, L;Misdea, G;Salerno, N;De Angelis, A;Urbanek, K;Viglietto, G;Torella, D;Cianflone, E;
Cells
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Spheroid
Applications: Bioassay -
Dickkopf-1 Acts as a Profibrotic Mediator in Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: YC Hsu, CC Chang, CC Hsieh, YT Huang, YH Shih, HC Chang, PJ Chang, CL Lin
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023-04-21;24(8):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
CCN1 interacts with integrins to regulate intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation
Authors: JH Won, JS Choi, JI Jun
Nature Communications, 2022-06-03;13(1):3117.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Organoids
Applications: Bioassay -
Coordinate control of basal epithelial cell fate and stem cell maintenance by core EMT transcription factor Zeb1
Authors: Y Han, A Villarreal, G Gutierrez, Q Nguyen, P Sun, T Wu, B Sui, G Berx, T Brabletz, K Kessenbroc, YA Zeng, K Watanabe, X Dai
Cell Reports, 2022-01-11;38(2):110240.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo -
Wnt3a upregulation is involved in TGF&beta1-induced cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: T Li, X Weng, S Cheng, D Wang, G Cheng, H Gao, Y Li
Cytokine, 2020-11-23;0(0):155376.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Shaking culture enhances chondrogenic differentiation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cell constructs
Authors: P Limraksasi, Y Kosaka, M Zhang, N Horie, T Kondo, H Okawa, M Yamada, H Egusa
Sci Rep, 2020-09-14;10(1):14996.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Engraftment potential of maternal adipose-derived stem cells for fetal transplantation
Authors: A Kawashima, R Yasuhara, R Akino, K Mishima, M Nasu, A Sekizawa
Heliyon, 2020-03-04;6(3):e03409.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Canonical Wnt signaling promotes pacemaker cell specification of cardiac mesodermal cells derived from mouse and human embryonic stem cells
Authors: W Liang, P Han, EH Kim, J Mak, R Zhang, AG Torrente, JI Goldhaber, E Marbán, HC Cho
Stem Cells, 2019-12-30;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Tankyrase inhibition preserves osteoarthritic cartilage by coordinating cartilage matrix anabolism via effects on SOX9 PARylation
Authors: S Kim, S Han, Y Kim, HS Kim, YR Gu, D Kang, Y Cho, H Kim, J Lee, Y Seo, MJ Chang, CB Chang, SB Kang, JH Kim
Nat Commun, 2019-10-25;10(1):4898.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
SDF?1/CXCR4 induces epithelial?mesenchymal transition through activation of the Wnt/??catenin signaling pathway in rat chronic allograft nephropathy
Authors: H Tang, Y Xu, Z Zhang, S Zeng, W Dong, W Jiao, X Hu
Mol Med Rep, 2019-03-15;0(0):.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Klotho expression is a prerequisite for proper muscle stem cell function and regeneration of skeletal muscle
Authors: HE Ahrens, J Huettemeis, M Schmidt, C Kaether, J von Maltza
Skelet Muscle, 2018-07-04;8(1):20.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Cross-Inhibition of Norrin and TGF-? Signaling Modulates Development of Retinal and Choroidal Vasculature
Authors: R Seitz, G Weber, S Albrecht, R Fuchshofer, ER Tamm, A Ohlmann
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2018-05-01;59(6):2240-2251.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
miRNA-431 Prevents Amyloid-?-Induced Synapse Loss in Neuronal Cell Culture Model of Alzheimer's Disease by Silencing Kremen1
Authors: SP Ross, KE Baker, A Fisher, L Hoff, ES Pak, AK Murashov
Front Cell Neurosci, 2018-03-28;12(0):87.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Angiogenesis in a 3D model containing adipose tissue stem cells and endothelial cells is mediated by canonical Wnt signaling
Authors: X Cai, J Xie, Y Yao, X Cun, S Lin, T Tian, B Zhu, Y Lin
Bone Res, 2017-12-13;5(0):17048.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Directed transdifferentiation of M�ller glial cells to photoreceptors using the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway agonist purmorphamine
Authors: D Gu, S Wang, S Zhang, P Zhang, G Zhou
Mol Med Rep, 2017-09-28;0(0):.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Kinesin superfamily protein Kif26b links Wnt5a-Ror signaling to the control of cell and tissue behaviors in vertebrates
Authors: MW Susman, EP Karuna, RC Kunz, TS Gujral, AV Cantú, SS Choi, BY Jong, K Okada, MK Scales, J Hum, LS Hu, MW Kirschner, R Nishinakam, S Yamada, DJ Laird, LE Jao, SP Gygi, ME Greenberg, HH Ho
Elife, 2017-09-08;6(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Exosomes Mediate Mobilization of Autocrine Wnt10b to Promote Axonal Regeneration in the Injured CNS
Authors: NG Tassew, J Charish, AP Shabanzade, V Luga, H Harada, N Farhani, P D'Onofrio, B Choi, A Ellabban, PEB Nickerson, VA Wallace, PD Koeberle, JL Wrana, PP Monnier
Cell Rep, 2017-07-05;20(1):99-111.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A Wnt-producing niche drives proliferative potential and progression in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: T Tammela, FJ Sanchez-Ri, NM Cetinbas, K Wu, NS Joshi, K Helenius, Y Park, R Azimi, NR Kerper, RA Wesselhoef, X Gu, L Schmidt, M Cornwall-B, ÖH Yilmaz, W Xue, P Katajisto, A Bhutkar, T Jacks
Nature, 2017-05-10;545(7654):355-359.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Postnatal Calvarial Skeletal Stem Cells Expressing PRX1 Reside Exclusively in the Calvarial Sutures and Are Required for Bone Regeneration
Authors: K Wilk, SA Yeh, LJ Mortensen, S Ghaffariga, CM Lombardo, SH Bassir, ZA Aldawood, CP Lin, G Intini
Stem Cell Reports, 2017-03-30;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Wnts contribute to neuromuscular junction formation through distinct signaling pathways
Authors: J Messéant, J Ezan, P Delers, K Glebov, C Marchiol, F Lager, G Renault, F Tissir, M Montcouqui, N Sans, C Legay, L Strochlic
Development, 2017-03-27;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Activation of Wnt3?/?-catenin signal pathway attenuates apoptosis of the cerebral microvascular endothelial cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation
Authors: J Zhang, J Zhang, C Qi, P Yang, X Chen, Y Liu
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 2017-03-25;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Dickkopf-1 promotes hematopoietic regeneration via direct and niche-mediated mechanisms
Nat. Med, 2016-12-05;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Chemokine-Like Receptor 1 Is a Novel Wnt Target Gene that Regulates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation.
Authors: Muruganandan S, Govindarajan R, McMullen N, Sinal C
Stem Cells, 2016-11-11;35(3):711-724.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
RSPOs facilitated HSC activation and promoted hepatic fibrogenesis
Authors: X Yin, H Yi, L Wang, W Wu, X Wu, L Yu
Oncotarget, 2016-09-27;7(39):63767-63778.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Real-Time Analysis of Endogenous Wnt Signalling in 3D Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Stem Cells Int, 2016-09-07;2016(0):7132529.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
PTH Promotes Bone Anabolism by Stimulating Aerobic Glycolysis via IGF Signaling.
Authors: Esen E, Lee S, Wice B, Long F
J Bone Miner Res, 2015-07-14;30(11):1959-68.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Adverse Effects of Osteocytic Constitutive Activation of ss-Catenin on Bone Strength and Bone Growth.
Authors: Chen S, Feng J, Bao Q, Li A, Zhang B, Shen Y, Zhao Y, Guo Q, Jing J, Lin S, Zong Z
J Bone Miner Res, 2015-07-01;30(7):1184-94.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
R-spondin 1/dickkopf-1/beta-catenin machinery is involved in testicular embryonic angiogenesis.
Authors: Caruso M, Ferranti F, Corano Scheri K, Dobrowolny G, Ciccarone F, Grammatico P, Catizone A, Ricci G
PLoS ONE, 2015-04-24;10(4):e0124213.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
Wnt activity and basal niche position sensitize intestinal stem and progenitor cells to DNA damage.
Authors: Tao S, Tang D, Morita Y, Sperka T, Omrani O, Lechel A, Sakk V, Kraus J, Kestler H, Kuhl M, Rudolph K
EMBO J, 2015-01-21;34(5):624-40.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
The hippo pathway effector Yap controls patterning and differentiation of airway epithelial progenitors.
Authors: Mahoney J, Mori M, Szymaniak A, Varelas X, Cardoso W
Dev Cell, 2014-07-17;30(2):137-50.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
Both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling independently promote stem cell growth in mammospheres.
Authors: Many A, Brown A
PLoS ONE, 2014-07-14;9(7):e101800.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Dose-dependent effect of estrogen suppresses the osteo-adipogenic transdifferentiation of osteoblasts via canonical Wnt signaling pathway.
Authors: Gao B, Huang Q, Lin Y, Wei B, Guo Y, Sun Z, Wang L, Fan J, Zhang H, Han Y, Li X, Shi J, Liu J, Yang L, Luo Z
PLoS ONE, 2014-06-11;9(6):e99137.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Phosphatase WIP1 regulates adult neurogenesis and WNT signaling during aging.
Authors: Zhu, Yunhua, Demidov, Oleg N, Goh, Amanda M, Virshup, David M, Lane, David P, Bulavin, Dmitry V
J Clin Invest, 2014-06-09;124(7):3263-73.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Generation of organized germ layers from a single mouse embryonic stem cell.
Authors: Poh Y, Chen J, Hong Y, Yi H, Zhang S, Chen J, Wu D, Wang L, Jia Q, Singh R, Yao W, Tan Y, Tajik A, Tanaka T, Wang N
Nat Commun, 2014-05-30;5(0):4000.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Wnt signaling in form deprivation myopia of the mice retina.
Authors: Ma M, Zhang Z, Du E, Zheng W, Gu Q, Xu X, Ke B
PLoS ONE, 2014-04-22;9(4):e91086.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Hepatocyte growth factor (Hgf) stimulates low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (Lrp) 5/6 phosphorylation and promotes canonical Wnt signaling.
Authors: Koraishy F, Silva C, Mason S, Wu D, Cantley L
J Biol Chem, 2014-04-01;289(20):14341-50.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Hmga2 is required for canonical WNT signaling during lung development.
Authors: Singh I, Mehta A, Contreras A, Boettger T, Carraro G, Wheeler M, Cabrera-Fuentes H, Bellusci S, Seeger W, Braun T, Barreto G
BMC Biol, 2014-03-24;12(0):21.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Recombinant Wnt3a and Wnt5a elicit macrophage cytokine production and tolerization to microbial stimulation via Toll-like receptor 4.
Authors: Yu C, Nguyen T, Irvine K, Sweet M, Frazer I, Blumenthal A
Eur J Immunol, 2014-03-07;44(5):1480-90.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
WNT7B promotes bone formation in part through mTORC1.
Authors: Chen J, Tu X, Esen E, Joeng K, Lin C, Arbeit J, Ruegg M, Hall M, Ma L, Long F
PLoS Genet, 2014-01-30;10(1):e1004145.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A modular gain-of-function approach to generate cortical interneuron subtypes from ES cells.
Authors: Au E, Ahmed T, Karayannis T, Biswas S, Gan L, Fishell G
Neuron, 2013-12-04;80(5):1145-58.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Mutational analysis of sclerostin shows importance of the flexible loop and the cystine-knot for Wnt-signaling inhibition.
Authors: Boschert V, van Dinther M, Weidauer S, van Pee K, Muth E, ten Dijke P, Mueller T
PLoS ONE, 2013-11-29;8(11):e81710.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Adipocytic cells augment the support of primitive hematopoietic cells in vitro but have no effect in the bone marrow niche under homeostatic conditions.
Authors: Spindler, Tassja J, Tseng, Alan W, Zhou, Xiaoying, Adams, Gregor B
Stem Cells Dev, 2013-11-07;23(4):434-41.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A network of heterochronic genes including Imp1 regulates temporal changes in stem cell properties.
Authors: Nishino, Jinsuke, Kim, Sunjung, Zhu, Yuan, Zhu, Hao, Morrison, Sean J
Elife, 2013-11-05;2(0):e00924.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
Integration of multiple signaling regulates through apoptosis the differential osteogenic potential of neural crest-derived and mesoderm-derived Osteoblasts.
Authors: Li S, Meyer N, Quarto N, Longaker M
PLoS ONE, 2013-03-25;8(3):e58610.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Colony-forming cells in the adult mouse pancreas are expandable in Matrigel and form endocrine/acinar colonies in laminin hydrogel.
Authors: Jin L, Feng T, Shih H, Zerda R, Luo A, Hsu J, Mahdavi A, Sander M, Tirrell D, Riggs A, Ku H
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2013-02-19;110(10):3907-12.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Use of a synthetic xeno-free culture substrate for induced pluripotent stem cell induction and retinal differentiation.
Authors: Tucker B, Anfinson K, Mullins R, Stone E, Young M
Stem Cells Transl Med, 2012-12-27;2(1):16-24.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Cripto-1 enhances the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by binding to LRP5 and LRP6 co-receptors.
Cell Signal, 2012-09-27;25(1):178-89.
Species: Human, Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatases (Sulfs) coordinate the Wnt signaling pathways to regulate myoblast fusion during skeletal muscle regeneration.
Authors: Tran, Thanh H, Shi, Xiaofeng, Zaia, Joseph, Ai, Xingbin
J Biol Chem, 2012-08-03;287(39):32651-64.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Wnt signaling in amygdala-dependent learning and memory.
Authors: Maguschak KA, Ressler KJ
J. Neurosci., 2011-09-14;31(37):13057-67.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Coordination of epithelial branching and salivary gland lumen formation by Wnt and FGF signals.
Authors: Patel N, Sharpe PT, Miletich I
Dev. Biol., 2011-07-23;358(1):156-67.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Distinct modes of inhibition by sclerostin on bone morphogenetic protein and Wnt signaling pathways.
Authors: Krause C, Korchynskyi O, de Rooij K, Weidauer SE, de Gorter DJ, van Bezooijen RL, Hatsell S, Economides AN, Mueller TD, Lowik CW, ten Dijke P
J. Biol. Chem., 2010-10-15;285(53):41614-26.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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