Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Leu32-Cys228, with an N-terminal Met
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
1445-PL
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
1445-PL/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Prolactin
Prolactin (gene name PRL) is a secreted neuroendocrine pituitary hormone that acts primarily on the mammary gland to promote lactation, but has pleiotropic effects in both males and females (1-3). Mouse Prolactin is predominantly found as 23 kDa non-glycosylated monomers. Mouse prolactin shares 60% and 85% amino acid sequence identity with human and rat prolactin, respectively; however, activation of the human prolactin receptor by rat prolactin has been demonstrated (3). Prolactin is synthesized mainly by the anterior pituitary in all mammals, where secretion is under tonic inhibition by hypothalamic dopamine (2, 3). Secretion can be stimulated by suckling and diurnally by estradiol in rodents during pro-estrus and mating (2). In humans prolactin is also produced peripherally, while in rodents, the only known non-pituitary source is the placenta (1-3). Mouse serum Prolactin declines until mid-pregnancy, but increases in late pregnancy (1). Post-translational modifications such as polymerization, phosphorylation, and proteolytic cleavage can alter the activities of prolactin (3). Cleavage by matrix metalloproteinases or Cathepsin D can produce N-terminal 16 kDa antiangiogenic fragments also called vasoinhibins (4, 5). Thrombin can produce C-terminal 16 kDa fragments that are not antiangiogenic (3). The prolactin receptor (gene name PRLR) is a transmembrane type I glycoprotein that belongs to the cytokine hematopoietic receptor family. Expression of the prolactin receptor is widespread (2, 3). Each prolactin molecule is thought to bind two receptor molecules (6).
- Linzer, D.I.H. et al. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260:9574.
- Grattan, D.R. and I.C. Kokay (2008) J. Neuroendocrinol. 20:752.
- Ben-Jonathan, N. et al. (2008) Endocr. Rev. 29:1.
- Piwnica, D. et al. (2006) Mol. Endocrinol. 20:3263.
- Macotela, Y. et al. (2006) J. Cell Sci. 119:1790.
- Broutin, I. et al. (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285:8422.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Placenta-derived SOD3 deletion impairs maternal behavior via alterations in FGF/FGFR-prolactin signaling axis
Authors: Xu, Y;Alves-Wagner, AB;Inada, H;Firouzjah, SD;Osana, S;Amir, MS;Conlin, RH;Hirshman, MF;Nozik, ES;Goodyear, LJ;Nagatomi, R;Kusuyama, J;
Cell reports
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In vivo assay -
MafA is required for postnatal proliferation of pancreatic beta-cells.
Authors: Eto K, Nishimura W, Oishi H, Udagawa H, Kawaguchi M, Hiramoto M, Fujiwara T, Takahashi S, Yasuda K
PLoS ONE, 2014-08-15;9(8):e104184.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Prolactin stimulates precursor cells in the adult mouse hippocampus.
Authors: Walker, Tara L, Vukovic, Jana, Koudijs, Margaret, Blackmore, Daniel G, Mackay, Eirinn W, Sykes, Alex M, Overall, Rupert W, Hamlin, Adam S, Bartlett, Perry F
PLoS ONE, 2012-09-04;7(9):e44371.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo -
Unexpected expression of orexin-B in basal conditions and increased levels in the adult rat hippocampus during pilocarpine-induced epileptogenesis.
Authors: Morales A, Bonnet C, Bourgoin N, Touvier T, Nadam J, Laglaine A, Navarro F, Moulin C, Georges B, Pequignot JM, Bezin L
Brain Res., 2006-08-10;1109(1):164-75.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay
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