Recombinant Porcine IL-6 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Pro29-Met212
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
686-PI
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
686-PI/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: IL-6
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic, alpha -helical, 22-28 kDa phosphorylated and variably glycosylated cytokine that plays important roles in the acute phase reaction, inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism, and cancer progression (1-5). Mature porcine IL-6 is 183 amino acids (aa) in length and shares 58%, 39%, and 39% aa sequence identity with human, mouse, and rat IL-6, respectively IL-6 (6). IL-6 induces signaling through a cell surface heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a ligand binding subunit (IL-6 R alpha) and a signal transducing subunit (gp130). IL-6 binds to IL-6 R alpha, triggering IL-6 R alpha association with gp130 and gp130 dimerization (7). gp130 is also a component of the receptors for CLC, CNTF, CT-1, IL-11, IL-27, LIF, and OSM (8). Soluble forms of IL-6 R alpha are generated by both alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage (5). In a mechanism known as trans-signaling, complexes of soluble IL-6 and IL-6 R alpha elicit responses from gp130-expressing cells that lack cell surface IL-6 R alpha (5). Trans-signaling enables a wider range of cell types to respond to IL-6, as the expression of gp130 is ubiquitous, while that of IL-6 R alpha is predominantly restricted to hepatocytes, monocytes, and resting lymphocytes (2, 5). Soluble splice forms of gp130 block trans-signaling from IL-6/IL-6 R alpha but not from other cytokines that use gp130 as a co-receptor (5, 9). IL-6, along with TNF-alpha and IL-1, drives the acute inflammatory response and the transition from acute inflammation to either acquired immunity or chronic inflammatory disease (1-5). When dysregulated, it contributes to chronic inflammation in obesity, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, sepsis, and atherosclerosis (1, 2, 5). IL-6 can also function as an anti-inflammatory molecule, as in skeletal muscle where it is secreted in response to exercise (2). In addition, it enhances hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and the differentiation of Th17 cells, memory B cells, and plasma cells (1, 10).
- Mansell, A. and B.J. Jenkins (2013) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 24:249.
- Schuett, H. et al. (2009) Thromb. Haemost. 102:215.
- Erta, M. et al. (2012) Int. J. Biol. Sci. 8:1254.
- Garbers, C. et al. (2012) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 23:85.
- Mihara, M. et al. (2012) Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 122:143.
- Richards, C.D. and J. Saklatvala (1991) Cytokine 3:269.
- Murakami, M. et al. (1993) Science 260:1808.
- Muller-Newen, G. (2003) Sci. STKE 2003:PE40.
- Mitsuyama, K. et al. (2006) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 143:125.
- Cerutti, A. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 160:2145.
Citations for Recombinant Porcine IL-6 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
11
Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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CHIR99021 and rpIL6 promote porcine parthenogenetic embryo development and blastocyst quality
Authors: SY Yin, BM Sun, T Xu, X Liu, LJ Huo, X Zhang, J Zhou, YL Miao
Theriogenology, 2020-08-17;158(0):470-476.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
MicroRNA responses associated with Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium challenge in peripheral blood: effects of miR-146a and IFN-gamma in regulation of fecal bacteria shedding counts in pig
Authors: T Huang, X Huang, W Chen, J Yin, B Shi, F Wang, W Feng, M Yao
BMC Vet. Res., 2019-06-11;15(1):195.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Development and validation of a multiplex fluorescent microsphere immunoassay assay for detection of porcine cytokines
Authors: SA Hall, SH Ison, C Owles, J Coe, DA Sandercock, AJ Zanella
MethodsX, 2019-05-17;6(0):1218-1227.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: ELISA Standard -
Protective Role of Passively Transferred Maternal Cytokines against Bordetella pertussis Infection in Newborn Piglets
Authors: S Elahi, DR Thompson, J Van Kessel, LA Babiuk, V Gerdts
Infect. Immun., 2017-03-23;85(4):.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Interferon regulatory factor 3 is a key regulation factor for inducing the expression of SAMHD1 in antiviral innate immunity
Sci Rep, 2016-07-14;6(0):29665.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Inhibitors of Arg-Gly-Asp-Binding Integrins Reduce Development of Pancreatic Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: B Ulmasov, BA Neuschwand, J Lai, V Monastyrsk, T Bhat, MP Yates, J Oliva, MJ Prinsen, PG Ruminski, DW Griggs
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2016-03-16;2(4):499-518.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
In vitro induction of mucosa-type dendritic cells by all-trans retinoic acid.
Authors: Saurer L, McCullough KC, Summerfield A
J. Immunol., 2007-09-15;179(6):3504-14.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
IFN-alpha treatment enhances porcine Arterivirus infection of monocytes via upregulation of the porcine Arterivirus receptor sialoadhesin.
Authors: Delputte PL, Van Breedam W, Barbe F, Van Reeth K, Nauwynck HJ
J. Interferon Cytokine Res., 2007-09-01;27(9):757-66.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Synergism of TNF and IL-1 in the induction of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in trabecular meshwork.
Authors: Kelley MJ, Rose AY, Song K, Chen Y, Bradley JM, Rookhuizen D, Acott TS
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2007-06-01;48(6):2634-43.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Cytokine responses in gnotobiotic pigs after infection with virulent or attenuated human rotavirus.
Authors: Azevedo MS, Yuan L, Pouly S, Gonzales AM, Jeong KI, Nguyen TV, Saif LJ
J. Virol., 2006-01-01;80(1):372-82.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Acute hyperinsulinemia restrains endotoxin-induced systemic inflammatory response: an experimental study in a porcine model.
Authors: Brix-Christensen V, Andersen SK, Andersen R, Mengel A, Dyhr T, Andersen NT, Schmitz O, Orskov H, Tonnesen E
Anesthesiology, 2004-04-01;100(4):861-70.
Applications: ELISA (Standard)
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The recombinant porcine IL-6 protein was used as the calibration reagent in MSD assay with biotinylated AF686 (capture) and Sulfo-Tag labeled AF-206-NA (detection) antibodies.
The recombinant porcine IL-6 was used as the immunoassay standard in a sandwich ELISA that used the polyclonal antibody AF686 as both the capture and detection antibody.
