Human CD9 Antibody Summary
Ser112-Ile195
Accession # P21926
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of Human CD9 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of TIME human endothelial cell line and human platelets. PVDF membrane was probed with 2 µg/mL of Mouse Anti-Human CD9 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB25292) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF018). A specific band was detected for CD9 at approximately 24 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
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Detection of CD9 in Human Platelets by Flow Cytometry. Human peripheral blood platelets were stained with A) Mouse Anti-Human CD9 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB25292) or B) isotype control antibody (Catalog # MAB0041) followed by anti-Mouse IgG PE-conjugated Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0102B) and Mouse anti-Human Integrin alpha 2b/CD41 APC-conjugated antibody (Catalog # FAB7616A). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.
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CD9 in RPMI 8226 Human Cell Line. CD9 was detected in immersion fixed RPMI 8226 human multiple myeloma cell line (left panel; positive staining) and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line (right panel; negative staining) using Mouse Anti-Human CD9 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB25292) at 8 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL007) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cell surface. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.
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CD9 in Human Kidney Tissue. CD9 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human kidney tissue using Mouse Anti-Human CD9 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB25292) at 5 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Mouse IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC001). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cell membrane in convoluted tubules. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: CD9
CD9, also known as Tspan29, is a 24-27 kDa cell surface protein belonging to the tetraspanin family (1). Common to other tetraspanins, CD9 is composed of four transmembrane domains, short N- and C-terminal cytoplasmic domains, and two extracellular loops. The larger extracellular loop, referred to as the LEL or EC2, contains highly conserved CCG and PXSC motifs (2, 3). The LEL mediates noncovalent protein-protein interactions, allowing tetraspanins to associate with each other as well as signaling molecules, structural proteins, and G-protein coupled receptors (4-6). Human CD9 is expressed in multiple cell and tissue types and has been identified in diverse biological roles due to its involvement in the formation of tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs). TEMs are associated with numerous processes ranging from cell adhesion and fusion, membrane trafficking, and endocytosis to leukocyte adherence and motility (4-7). These tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) are associated with a wide range of functions from cell adhesion and fusion, membrane trafficking and endocytosis, and eukocyte adherence and motility. The LEL of human CD9 shares 77% and 84% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat CD9, respectively. CD9 can form homodimers or interact with other proteins including CD117, CD29, CD46, CD49c, CD81, CD315, Tspan4, TGF-alpha, and HBEGF (1, 4, 8-13). Increased expression of CD9 has been shown to enhance transmembrane TGF-alpha -induced EGFR stimulation (1), and injection of human CD9 mRNA into CD9 knock-out mouse oocytes restored sperm-egg fusion (14). CD9-LEL may also be involved in the inhibition of multinucleated giant cell formation (3) as well as possess anti-adhesive effects against bacteria trying to invade mammalian cells (6, 15). CD9 interacts with integrins to regulate cell adhesion and motility (16-18). CD9 has been implicated in platelet activation and aggregation (17, 19). It may act as the terminal signal of myelination in the peripheral nervous system and can regulate the formation of paranodal junctions (20). Also, it has been suggested CD9 plays an important role both in the self-antigen and recall antigen-induced T cell activation (21).
- Shi, W. et al. (2000) J. Cell Biol. 148:591.
- Hemler, M. (2003) Annu Rev Cell Biol. 19:397.
- Hulme, R. et al. (2014) PLoS One 9:e116289.
- Stipp, C. et al. (2003) Trends Biochem Sci. 28:106.
- Barreiro, O. et al. (2005) Blood 105:2852.
- Ventress, J. et al. (2016) PLoS One 11:e0160387.
- Rubinstein, E. (2011) Biochem Soc Trans. 39:501.
- Anzai, N. et al. (2002) Blood 99:4413.
- Radford, K. et al. (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 222:13.
- Lozahic, S. et al. (2000) Eur. J. Immunol. 30:900.
- Park, K. et al. (2000) Mol. Hum. Reprod. 6:252.
- Charrin, S. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:14329.
- Tachibana, I. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:29181.
- Zhu, G. et al. (2002) Development 129:1995.
- Green, L. et al. (2011) Infect Immun. 79:2241.
- Powner, D. et al. (2011) Biochem. Soc. Trans. 39:563.
- Detchokul, S. et al. (2014) British Journal of Pharmacology 171:5462.
- Reyes, R. et al. (2018) Front. Immunol. 9:863.
- Slupsky, J. et al. (1989) J Biol chem. 264:12289.
- Ishibashi, T. et al. (2004) J. Neuroscience 24:96.
- Kobayashi, H. et al. (2004) Clin Exp Immunol. 137:101.
Product Datasheets
Citation for Human CD9 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
1 Citation: Showing 1 - 1
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Mitochondrial double-stranded RNAs govern the stress response in chondrocytes to promote osteoarthritis development
Authors: S Kim, K Lee, YS Choi, J Ku, H Kim, R Kharbash, J Yoon, YS Lee, JH Kim, YJ Lee, Y Kim
Cell Reports, 2022-08-09;40(6):111178.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC
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