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Human CTLA-4 Antibody

Catalog #: AF-386-PB
9 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF-386-PB
AF-386-SP
Detection of Human CTLA‑4 by Western Blot.
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Product Details
Citations (9)
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Summary Data Examples Preparation and Storage Reconstitution Calculator Background Product Datasheets Related Research Areas

Human CTLA-4 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human CTLA-4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In Western blots, approximately 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse CTLA-4 is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human CTLA-4
Ala37-Phe162
Accession # Q6GR94
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.5 µg/mL
See below
Flow Cytometry
0.25 µg/106 cells
See below
CyTOF-ready
Ready to be labeled using established conjugation methods. No BSA or other carrier proteins that could interfere with conjugation.
 
Immunocytochemistry
5-15 µg/mL
See below

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Western Blot Detection of Human CTLA-4 antibody by Western Blot. View Larger

Detection of Human CTLA‑4 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of NS0 mouse myeloma cell line either mock transfected or transfected with human CTLA-4. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human CTLA-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-386-PB) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for CTLA-4 at approximately 50 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Immunocytochemistry CTLA-4 antibody in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Immunocytochemistry (ICC). View Larger

CTLA‑4 in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. CTLA-4 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with treated with PMA and calcium ionomycin using Goat Anti-Human CTLA-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-386-PB) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cell surfaces. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Flow Cytometry Detection of CTLA-4 antibody in NS0 Mouse Cell Line Co-transfected with CTLA-4 and eGFP antibody by Flow Cytometry. View Larger

Detection of CTLA‑4 in NS0 Mouse Cell Line Co-transfected with CTLA-4 and eGFP by Flow Cytometry. NS0 mouse myeloma cell line co-transfected with human CTLA-4 and eGFP was stained with either (A) Goat Anti-Human CTLA-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-386-PB) or (B) Normal Goat IgG Control (Catalog # AB-108-C) followed by Allophycocyanin-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0108).

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: CTLA-4

CTLA-4 and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T- and B-cell responses. CTLA-4 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CTLA-4 and CD28 are composed of a single
Ig V‑like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CTLA-4 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulfide-linked homodimers or as monomers. The genes encoding these two molecules are closely linked on human chromosome 2. CTLA-4 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CTLA-4 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+ T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CTLA-4 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CTLA-4 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CTLA-4 binds to B7-1 and B7-2 with 20‑100‑fold higher affinity than CD28. The physiological role of CTLA-4 in T cell costimulation is currently being studied.

References
  1. Lenschow, D.J. et al. (1996) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 14:233.
  2. Hathcock, K.S. and R.J. Hodes (1996) Advances in Immunol. 62:131.
  3. Ward, S.G. (1996) Biochem. J. 318:361.
Long Name
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated Molecule 4
Entrez Gene IDs
1493 (Human); 12477 (Mouse); 403696 (Canine); 102115124 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names
CD; CD152 antigen; CD152; CD152IDDM12; CD28; celiac disease 3; CELIAC3; CTLA4; CTLA-4; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4; Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-4; GRD4; GSE; ICOS; ligand and transmembrane spliced cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4

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Citations for Human CTLA-4 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

9 Citations: Showing 1 - 9
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  1. Periparturient blood T-lymphocyte PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression as potential predictors of new intramammary infections in dairy cows during early lactation (short communication)
    Authors: Oliveira, ACD;de Souza, CMS;Ramos-Sanchez, EM;Diniz, SA;de Souza Lima, E;Blagitz, MG;Veras, RC;Heinemann, MB;Libera, AMMPD;De Vliegher, S;de Carvalho Fernandes, AC;Souza, FN;
    BMC veterinary research
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Flow Ctyometry
  2. Brief Research Report: Expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 in T Lymphocytes and Their Relationship With the Periparturient Period and the Endometrial Cytology of Dairy Cows During the Postpartum Period
    Authors: Carolina Menezes Suassuna de de Souza, Ewerton de Souza Lima, Raphael Ferreira Ordonho, Bianca Rafaella Rodrigues dos Santos Oliveira, Rebeca Cordeiro Rodrigues, Marquiliano Farias de de Moura et al.
    Frontiers in Veterinary Science
  3. Natural killer cells in the human lung tumor microenvironment display immune inhibitory functions
    Authors: Jules Russick, Pierre-Emmanuel Joubert, Mélanie Gillard-Bocquet, Carine Torset, Maxime Meylan, Florent Petitprez et al.
    Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
  4. CTLA-4 Immunohistochemistry and Quantitative Image Analysis for Profiling of Human Cancers
    Authors: Charles Brown, Farzad Sekhavati, Ruben Cardenes, Claudia Windmueller, Karma Dacosta, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales et al.
    Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry
  5. Antibody and fragment-based PET imaging of CTLA-4+ T-cells in humanized mouse models
    Authors: EB Ehlerding, HJ Lee, D Jiang, CA Ferreira, CD Zahm, P Huang, JW Engle, DG McNeel, W Cai
    Am J Cancer Res, 2019-01-01;9(1):53-63.
    Species: Xenograft
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-Fr
  6. CTLA-4+PD-1− Memory CD4+ T Cells Critically Contribute to Viral Persistence in Antiretroviral Therapy-Suppressed, SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques
    Authors: Colleen S. McGary, Claire Deleage, Justin Harper, Luca Micci, Susan P. Ribeiro, Sara Paganini et al.
    Immunity
  7. PD-L1 expression and its relationship with oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
    Authors: L Jiang, X Su, T Zhang, X Yin, M Zhang, H Fu, H Han, Y Sun, L Dong, J Qian, Y Xu, X Fu, PR Gavine, Y Zhou, K Tian, J Huang, D Shen, H Jiang, Y Yao, B Han, Y Gu
    Oncotarget, 2017-04-18;8(16):26845-26857.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  8. Highly efficient, In-vivo Fas-mediated Apoptosis of B-cell Lymphoma by Hexameric CTLA4-FasL
    Authors: Alexandra Aronin, Shira Amsili, Tatyana B Prigozhina, Kobi Tzdaka, Roy Shen, Leonid Grinmann et al.
    Journal of Hematology & Oncology
  9. Inhibitory receptors are expressed by Trypanosoma cruzi-specific effector T cells and in hearts of subjects with chronic Chagas disease.
    Authors: Arguello RJ, Albareda MC, Alvarez MG, Bertocchi G, Armenti AH, Vigliano C, Meckert PC, Tarleton RL, Laucella SA
    PLoS ONE, 2012-05-04;7(5):e35966.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P

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