Human Galectin-9 Antibody

Catalog #: MAB9064 Datasheet / COA / SDS

Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
MAB9064-100
MAB9064-SP

Detection of Galectin‑9 in HEK293 cells by Flow Cytometry.

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Summary Data Examples Preparation and Storage Reconstitution Calculator Background Product Datasheets Related Research Areas

Human Galectin-9 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Human

Specificity

Detects Human Galectin-9 in direct ELISA.

Source

Recombinant Monoclonal Rabbit IgG Clone # 2315B

Purification

Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Immunogen

Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293 derived human Galectin-9
Met1-Thr323
Accession # O00182

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Label

Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry

0.25 µg/10⁶ cells

HEK293 cell line transfected with Galectin-9 vs irrelevant HEK293 transfectant cells, fixed and permeabilized with Flow Cytometry Fixation Buffer (Catalog # FC004).

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry

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Detection of Galectin‑9 in HEK293 cells by Flow Cytometry. HEK293 cell line transfected with Galectin-9 (filled histogram) vs irrelevant HEK293 transfectant cells (open histogram) were stained with Rabbit Anti-Human Galectin‑9 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB9064). To facilitate intracellular staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized with Flow Cytometry Fixation Buffer (Catalog # FC004). View our protocol for Staining Intracellular Molecules.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Galectin-9

Galectins comprise a family of multifunctional carbohydrate-binding proteins with specificity for N-acetyl-lactosamine-containing glycoproteins. At least 14 mammalian Galectins share structural similarities in their carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD), forming three groups: prototype (one CRD), tandem-repeat (two CRDs), and chimeric (one CRD, unique N-terminus) (1, 2). Full length Galectin-9 is a widely expressed 39 kDa tandem-repeat Galectin that contains two CRDs connected by a linker region (3). Progressive deletion within the linker region generates a 36 kDa isoform, also known as Ecalectin or UAT, as well as a 35 kDa isoform (4). This recombinant protein corresponds to the Ecalectin isoform of human Galectin-9 and shares 70% and 73% aa sequence identity with the corresponding regions of mouse and rat Galectin-9, respectively. Galectin-9 exhibits a wide range of activities. All three isoforms function as eosinophil chemoattractants (5, 6). This activity is destroyed by thrombin-mediated cleavage within the linker region of the long isoform, although the Ecalectin isoform is resistant to thrombin (7). Galectin-9 binds to carbohydrate moieties of IgE, thereby preventing immune complex formation, mast cell degranulation, and asthmatic and cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions (8). Independent of its lectin properties, Galectin-9 induces the maturation of dendritic cells which promote Th1 polarization (9). Galectin-9 induces cellular apoptosis in part by direct binding to TIM-3 (10, 11). Its interaction with TIM-3 inhibits Th1 cell and CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cell responses and also promotes regulatory T cell differentiation and activity (11, 12). Galectin-9 suppresses tumor cell metastasis by interfering with the associations between hyaluronic acid and CD44 and between VCAM-1 and Integrin alpha 4 beta 1 (13). The Ecalectin isoform (UAT; urate transporter) can also be expressed as an integral membrane protein and mediate the cellular efflux of urate (14).

References

Heusschen, R. et al. (2013) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1836:177.
Elola, M. T. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 64:1679.
Tureci, O. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:6416.
Chabot, S. et al. (2002) Glycobiology 12:111.
Matsumoto, R. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:1961.
Sato, M. et al. (2002) Glycobiology 12:191.
Nishi, N. et al. (2006) Glycobiology 16:15C.
Niki, T. et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284:32344.
Dai, S.-Y. et al. (2005) J. Immunol. 175:2974.
Seki, M. et al. (2007) Arthritis Rheum. 56:3968.
Zhu, C. et al. (2005) Nat. Immunol. 6:1245.
Sehrawat, S. et al. (2010) PloS Pathogens 6:e1000882.
Nobumoto, A. et al. (2008) Glycobiology 18:735.
Leal-Pinto, E. et al. (2002) Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 283:F150.

Entrez Gene IDs

3965 (Human); 16859 (Mouse)

Alternate Names

Ecalectin; GAL9; gal-9; galectin 9; Galectin9; Galectin-9; HUAT; lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 9; LGALS9; LGALS9A; MGC117375; MGC125973; MGC125974; Tumor antigen HOM-HD-21; urate transporter/channel protein