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Human GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody

Catalog #: AF689
3 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF689
AF689-SP
GITR/TNFRSF18 in Human Tonsil.
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Product Details
Citations (3)
FAQs
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Summary Data Examples Preparation and Storage Reconstitution Calculator Background Product Datasheets Related Research Areas

Human GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human GITR/TNFRSF18 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 5% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse GITR and recombinant rat GITR is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human GITR/TNFRSF18
Gln26-Glu161 (Thr45Ala)
Accession # Q9Y5U5
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Recombinant Human GITR/TNFRSF18 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 689-GR)
Flow Cytometry
2.5 µg/106 cells
Human T cells treated with PHA
Immunohistochemistry
5-15 µg/mL
See below
Blockade of Receptor-ligand Interaction
In a functional ELISA, 1-2 µg/mL of this antibody will block 50% of the binding of 10 ng/mL of Recombinant Biotinylated Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 to immobilized Recombinant Human GITR/TNFRSF18 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 689-GR) coated at 2 µg/mL (100 µL/well). At 10 μg/mL, this antibody will block >90% of the binding.
 
CyTOF-ready
Ready to be labeled using established conjugation methods. No BSA or other carrier proteins that could interfere with conjugation.
 

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Immunohistochemistry GITR/TNFRSF18 antibody in Human Tonsil by Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P). View Larger

GITR/TNFRSF18 in Human Tonsil. GITR/TNFRSF18 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human tonsil using Goat Anti-Human GITR/TNFRSF18 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF689) at 10 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to trabeculae sinuses. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: GITR/TNFRSF18

GITR (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor, also named AITR, activation-inducible TNF R family member), is a 228 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF R family and has been designated TNFRSF18. The GITR cytoplasmic domain has striking homology with the cytoplasmic domain of 4-1BB and CD27. Human GITR shares 55% homology with murine GITR. GITR is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. In contrast to mouse GITR, expression of human GITR is not induced by treatment with dexamethasone, but is up‑regulated by antigen stimulation or by treatment with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28, or PMA plus ionomycin. Human GITR ligand was identified from human umbilical vein endothelial cells and is a 177 aa polypeptide belonging to the TNF superfamily (TNFSF18). Ligation of GITR can activate NF-kappa B through TRAF2, and protect T cells from TCR activation-induced cell death. It has been proposed that GITR ligand and GITR may modulate T lymphocyte functions.

References
  1. Nocentini, G. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6216.
  2. Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056.
  3. Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Current Biology 9:215.
  4. Kwon, B. et al. (1999) Current Opinion in Immunology 11:340.
Long Name
Glucocorticoid Induced TNF Receptor Family Related Gene
Entrez Gene IDs
8784 (Human); 21936 (Mouse); 500598 (Rat); 102146362 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names
Activation-inducible TNFR family receptor; AITR; AITRTNF receptor superfamily activation-inducible protein; CD357 antigen; CD357; GITR; GITR-D; GITRtumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18; Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein; TNFRSF18; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 18

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Citations for Human GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

3 Citations: Showing 1 - 3
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  1. Novel Tumor Suppressor Function of Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor GITR in Multiple Myeloma
    Authors: Yang Liu, Phong Quang, Esteban Braggio, Hai Ngo, Gayane Badalian-Very, Ludmila Flores et al.
    PLoS ONE
  2. Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor expression in patients with cervical human papillomavirus infection
    Authors: Cacilda Tezelli Junqueira Padovani, Camila Mareti Bonin, Ines Aparecida Tozetti, Alda Maria Teixeira Ferreira, Carlos Eurico dos Santos Fernandes, Izaias Pereira da Costa
    Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
  3. The prevalence of regulatory T cells in lymphoid tissue is correlated with viral load in HIV-infected patients.
    Authors: Andersson J, Boasso A, Nilsson J, Zhang R, Shire NJ, Lindback S, Shearer GM, Chougnet CA
    J. Immunol., 2005-03-15;174(6):3143-7.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC

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